Lathe



July 31, 1945. D. TYSON 2,380,808

LATHE Filed Jan. 18, 1943' 5 Sheets-Sheet l I INVENTOR. law fl 73 6072, BY

July 31, 1945. L. D. TYoN LATHE Filed Jan. 18, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 4 INVENTOR. Z8013 flf ao/z L.D.TYSON July 31,1945.

LATHE Filed Jan. 18; 1945 5 SheetsSheet 5 INVENTOR. [605 H @5072,

July 31, 1945.

L. D. TYSON LATHE Filed Jan. 18, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.

B 7 BY Leap -507 1.. D. TYSON LATHE Filed Jan. 18, 1943 July BL 1945.

5 Sheets-Sheet 5 R m m Patented July 31, 1945 1 UNITED STATE PATENT OFFICE yarsosoa LATHE Levi D. Tyson, Elkharaflnll. lllllnor to Interrlilationai Detrola Corporation, a corporation of The present invention relates to improvements in lathes. v

The present invention is applicable to and will be described in connection with means'for finishing the interior of a hollow member having a dome-shaped inner wall at one of its extremities and having adjacent to its other extremity a conical wall tapering inwardly away from said domed extremity, a cylindrical wall being disposed between'said dome-shaped wall and said conical wall. w

An object of the present invention is to provide a lathe or the like having a plurality of cutting tools, simultaneously operative to perform an arcuate cut and a longitudinal cut or a slanting cut.

. A further object is to provide means for exlically operated control means for said structure.

- The parts illustrated in Figure 7 are represented as they appear from the side of the machine illustrated in' Figure}, that is-from the rear illustrating the positions of certain pistons for peditiously finishing the inside wall of a hollow' member having a dome-shaped surface, a cylindrical surface, and a conical surface, the smallest diameter of said conical surface being less than the diameter of said cylindrical surface.

A further object is to provide a lathe or the like having a plurality of cutting tools-adapted to perform their cutting operations simultaneously; one of said tools having an arcuate movement while the other of said tools has a longitudinal movement, whereby the interior of a shell may be expeditiously and etliciently finished.

A further object is to provide means for ex-' peditiously finishing the inside of a hollow member having a cylindrical innerwall and a conical wall. the smallest diameter ofsaid conicalwall gating less than the diameter of said cylindrical ace.

, Further objects will appear as the description proceeds.

Referring to the drawings- Figure 1 is a side view, parts being broken away, of one embodiment of the present invention, the parts being shown with the cutting tools retracted from operative-position.

Figure 2 is an end view looking toward the right-hand end of the structure illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged view operation reversely witherespect to the conditions illustrated in Figure "7,.

An example ofa piece of work the interior of which may be expeditiously flnishedby the illustrated embodiment of the present invention is indicated by the numeral Ill. Such a member may be embodied in the nose ofa torpedo shell and may have a cylindrical wall surface H extending between the planes indicated by the nmnerals i; and IS. The inner wall surface of the member ill on one side of the plane It may bedome-shaped and is indicated by the numeral I. The member N at the end OPPOSibe to the domed surface it may be provided with a restricted opening. The inner wall surface of the memberifl adjacent to the plane I! may be of conical conformation tapering toward the axis of the member It in a direction away from the cylindrical wall of the surface ii. This conical wall surface is indicated by the numeral ii. The

extremity of the member ID adjacent to the conical surface it may be defined by the cylindrical inner wall surface it. The member I.

headstock is carried by the bed It, which may 1 be provided with the usual ways for slidably supporting the carri ge I9. Fast with the bed It structure shown in Figure i but showing the. cutting tools as they are positioned atthe completion of the cutting strokes.

4 is a rear view in elevation of a part of thestructureshowninl'igures 1 andii. Figure 5 is an end view of the structure shown inl 'igureibbeingtskenalongtheplaneindicated bythearrowsHof I'igm-e3,theshowingof thepieceofwork'bcing operated uponinl 'lgure 3' beingmnittedfroml'igureb. l'lgureiiisasectionalviewtakenalong planeindicatedbythearrowsHofFigln-e l'lgure'liaadiagrammatieyiew-illmtrating cu'tainaalientfeatweaoftheatruchuediselosed oo The carriage ll.asthe parts are view ed in the 4'.

.is the carriage operating cylinder 20, which through a piston 20a and piston rod lib (Fig. 7) is adapted to communicate a sliding movement to the carriage l9 relative to the bed l8.

The carriage l9 provides mounting means for a plurality of parts movable relative to said carriage it. These relatively movable parts pro-- vide mechanism for contro the operation of the tool 2| adapted to have a cutting stroke with an arcuate movement to finish the inner domed surface it ofthe member it. The member it cal innerwall surface II and the cylindrical wall surface IL, A third tool is illustrated. indicated by the numeral 28, for finishing the cylindrical surface it of the member I...

Figure 1, has been withdrawn from proximity to the member l2 after operation upon said member. It will be understood that when a finishing operation is to be accomplished the carriage II will be moved to the left to aposition wherein the tool 2| will be properly placed for starting a cutting stroke to provide the domed wall surface l4, and whereby the tool 22 will be properly positioned to start its cutting stroke upon the conical wall I5. I

The carriage I2 is provided with the longitudinally extending portion 24, which provides a guideway for the reciprocating member 25 (Figs. 1, 3 and 5). Said reciprocating member 25 provides mounting means for the tool holder 22, which carries the two tools 22 and 22, previously referred to. Said tool holder 22 is adapted to move relative to the reciprocating member 25 both longitudinally and radially. To provide for the relative movements just referred'to, the reciprocating member 25 is provided with the .camshaped sin-face 21 and overhanging flanges 22, which overhanging flanges are parallel to the cam surface 21. As shown in Figure 3, the cam surface 21 varies progressively from-the axis of the bearing l2, becoming more distantfrom said-axis as it approaches the domed wall surface H of said member M. The construction referred to provides for relative movement between the reciprocating member 25 and the tool 22 when the conical surface I5 is being cut, and permits the holding of the tool holding member 25 with its tools 22 and 22 in fixed relationship with the reciprocating member 25 when the cylindrical wall portion ii is being cut,

The operating cylinder for the reciprocating member 25 is embodied in the member 29, which (Fig. 7) is provided with the piston 22 connected to the piston rod 2|. Said operating cylinder 22 is secured to'the carriage |9. Said piston rod 2| is connected to the reciprocating member 22,

aas'asoe rod 42. The extremity of said rod 42 distant from the depending arm 24 has hingedly connected thereto the swinging member 42 (Figs. 1 and 7). Said swinging member 42 is also hingedly connected to the tool holder 22.

Disposed intermediate of the length of the rod 42 is the piston 44 housed'within the cylinder 45. Said cylinder 45 is fixedly mounted upon the reciprocating member 25, and consequently when the cylinder 45 is in immovable relationship with the piston 44, longitudinal movement of the reciprocating member 22 will communicate a corresponding longitudinal movement to the reciprocating member 25 and to the tool holder 22. When, however, relative movement is permitted between the piston 44 and the cylinder 45, movement of the reciprocating member 22 in a longitudinal direction will move the tool holder 22 radially relative to the reciprocating member 25, I whereby to communicate a slanting cutting movement to the tool 22 to finish the conical surface |5 of the member II, or to communicate a slanting withdrawing movement to said tool 22. The cross-sectional area of cylinder 45 is less than that of cylinder 29, the reason for which will appear presently.

To. control the matter of immovable or movable relationship between the piston rod 42 and the cylinder 45, said piston rod 42 is provided with which is mounted to ride upon the rods 22-22 parts are viewed in Figure 1, is connected, through mechanism to be described presently, to operate the reciprocating member 25 and the tool holder 25. The depending arm 25, which is located on the back side of the machine as the parts are viewed in Figure 1 and which is in front in Figure 4, is connected through certain rack and pinion mechanism, to be described presently, in driving relationship with the tool 2| for cutting the dome-shaped inner wall surface of the memher It.

Referring to the instrumentalities for communicatin'g a cutting movement to the tool 2|, the depending arm 25 has connected thereto the rod 22 connected at due of its extremities to the rack 21. Said rack 21 is adapted to engage a pinion 22. As shown in Figure 6, the pinion 28 has connected thereto the pinion 29. Said pinion 22 is adapted to drive the gear 42, which'forms part of the tool holding member 4|, which serves to hold the tool 2|. Figure 4 shows the parts at the positions assumedwhen the tool 2| is nearing the end of its arcuate cutting stroke.

The for driving the reciprocating member 25 an'd'the tool holder 22 will now be described.

The depending arm 24 of thereciprocating mlnber 22 has fixedly connected therewith the a pair of collars 45 and 4l fixed to said piston rod adjacent to the two extremities of the cylinder' 45. Also for this purpose the interior of the cylinder 45 on the two sides-of the piston 44 has communication with two conduits 42 and 42, which, through the flexible connectors-42' and 42' respectively, are connected to a system of hydraulic control, which will now be described.

The numeral 52 indicates a conduit which may be termed the forward line and which may be connected to the pressure side of a pump for pumping oil or other liquid. Said conduit 52 communicates with the conduit 5|. Located in the conduit 5| is the check valve 52, which permits the communication of oil or the like from the forward line 52 past said check valve. Branching from the pipe 5| are the conduits 54 and 55. The conduit 54 leads through the adjustable resistance valve 55 to the left-hand end of the cylinder 29 as the parts are viewed in Figure I. Said resistance valve 52 (like resistance valves l1, l2 and 92, to be described. presently), allows free flow of liquid in one' direction but prevents fiow in the opposite direction until a predetermined pressure i built up in said liquid.

' Branching off from the conduit 5| on the right side of the check valve 52 is the conduit 51, which leads to the right-hand end of the cylinder 58. Branching oil from the conduit 51 is the conduit 52 leading to the left-hand end of the cylinder 50. Leading from the left-hand end of the cylinder 58 is the conduit 2|, and leading from the right-hand end of the cylinder 52 is the conduit 82. Said conduits 2| and 22 are connected to the reverse line 22 which leads to the other side of the pump above referred to. L0- cated within the cylinder 52 is the piston 24 havingv the two heads 25 and 22. Located withplied to the reverse line 83 but to permit the flow.

of liquid when the pressure is reversed. Leadin from the conduit 12 is the conduit 18 communi-- eating with the interior of the adjustable resistance valve-11. The conduit I2 also communicates, through the conduit I4, with the interior of the adjustable resistance valve I8. The resistance valve I8 leads through the conduit I8 to the port 88 located adjacent to the mid region of the cylinder 68. The resistance valve "is connected through the conduit 8| to the port 82 located adjacent to the mid region of the cylinder 58. Adjacent to the port 88 in the cylinder 68 is the port, and adjacent to theport 82 in the cylinder 58 is the port 84. Said port 83 communicates through the conduit 85 with the reverse line 83, which reverse line is provided with the check valve 88 positioned to permit the flow of liquid when pressure is applied through said reverse line 83 but to stop the flow of liquid when the pressure is in the reverse direction. Said conduit 85 also connects with the interior of the cylinder 29 on the right side of the piston 38. The port 84 connects with the conduit 55 above mentioned, which, through the check valve 53, may receive liquid from the forwardline 58. Conduit M is connected by means of conduit 81 to the left end of cylinder 45. Forward line 58 is connected to the left-hand end of cylinder 28 by means of conduit 88 (Fig. '7). The right-hand end of cylinder 28 is connectedto the reverse line 83 through conduit 89, which has interposed therein the adjustable resistance valve 98 for preventing the fiow of liquid from conduit 83 into cylinder 28 until after a predetermined pressure has been attained in said liquid. I As shown in Figure '7, the piston 54 of the cylinder 58 when in its left-hand position permits communication between port 82 and the conduit I8, but stops communication between the ports 82 and 84. Under these conditions the piston 81 of the cylinder 68 is in its right-hand position and stops communication with the conduit I8 but permits communication between the ports 88 and 83.

Referring to conditions illustrated in Figure 8,v

in which the piston 64 is in its right-hand position and the piston 81 is in its left-hand position, communication is permitted between the ports 82 and 84 of cylinder 58 but communication with the conduit I8 is shut off. Under these conditions communication is permitted between the conduit I8 and the port 88 of cylinder 68, but communication is shut off between ports 88 and 83 of cylinder 88.

A mode of operation of the above described embodiment of the present invention is substantially as follows:

After the hollow member I8 to be finished has been properly positioned in the headstock I1 and the tools 2|, 22 and 23 have been adjusted, the headstock will be set in rotation and thecarriage I9 will be moved to the left by the cylinder 28,

as the parts are viewed in Figure 1.

This movement will be inaugurated by the application of pressure from the forward line 58 (Fig. '7). Flow of fluid toward the left (Fig. 'I) in forward line 58 causes the communication of pressure through the conduit 51 to the righthand end of the cylinder 58, moving the doubleended. piston 84 to the left, covering the port 84 and uncovering the port 82, and providing communication with he conduit 18. Pressure is also communicated through the conduit 59 to the lefthand end of the cylinder 68, moving the doubleended piston 61 to the right as the parts are viewed in Figure '7, wherein the ports 88 and 83 have communication with each other.

Pressure from the forward line 58 is also communicated through the conduit 88 to the lefthand end of the cylinder 28. The right-hand end of cylinder 28 is connected through the conduit 89 and resistance valve 98 to the reverse line 63. Inasmuch as the piston rod 281; of the cylinder 28 is connected to the carriage I9, said carriage I!) with its tools 2|, 22 and 23 will be moved to thelright as viewed in Figure 7, which is toward the left as the parts are viewed in Fi ure 1, to a position wherein the tool 2| is located within the aperture 2| of the member I8 a sufficient distance to be operative after a cutting stroke has been started in an arcuate direction. At this time the tool 22 will be positioned adjacent to the entrance of the member ID. A stop means (not illustrated) will be provided for stopping the carriage I9 at the position desired.

Resistance valve 56 will be adjusted to a sufficiently high value to prevent the passage of fluid therethrough until the carriage l3 has been moved to the limit of its stroke.

After the carriage I9 has reached the limit ofv its stroke, the pressure in the forward line 58 will build up sufficiently to force the liquid through the resistance valve 56 to the left-hand end of cylinder 28 (Fig. 7), moving the piston 38 to the right. This is the beginning of the actual cutting portion of the cycle.

As the piston 38 movesto the right, liquid-is forced into the pipe 85. This liquid cannot pass the check valve 88 in this direction. However, liquid is communicated through the port 83, through port 88, into the conduit I9, against the resistance valve 18, and also from port 88 to the conduit 86, through the flexible connector 48' to the left-hand end of the cylinder 45. Theresistance valve I8 will cause a pressure to be produced in the cylinder 45 on the left side of the piston 44, this pressure being determined by the amount of resistance for which the valve 18 is set.

The cross-sectional area of the cylinder 29 being greater than the cross-sectional area of the cylinder 45, more liquid is exhausted from vthe cylinder 23 than the cylinder 45 can take. This excess amount tends to cause the pressure to rise above the value at which the valve I8 has been set, and accordingly the plunger in valve I8 will be slightly unseated, thus allowing the excess liquid to pass through said valve I8 and conduit I4 past the check valve I5 to the reverse line 83, back. to the pump (not illustrated).

The cylinder 45, which is rigidly mounted upon the slide 25, will remain motionless because the pressure on the left side of piston 44 is counteracted by the pressure against the left cylinder head of cylinder 45. The slide 25 will therefore be held in its left-hand position as the parts are viewed in Figure 7. Inasmuch as the piston 38 is rigidly connected with the piston 44 through the yoke 32 and piston rod 42, the movement to the right of the piston 38 as the parts are viewed in Figure 7 will result in movement of the piston 44 at the same rate of speed. While the piston 44 is moving to the right and the. cylinder 45 is stationary, the liquid that is exhausted from the right-hand side of cylinder 45 will pass through the conduit 49, flexible connector 49', conduit 81, conduit 8|, port 82, conduit 10, conduit 1|, conduit 12; past the check valve 15 into the reverse line 53, and thence back to the pump (not illustrated).

Inasmuch as the piston rod 42 is connected through the swinging member 43 to the tool holder 26, the tool holder 26 with its tool 22 will have a resultant feeding motion in a slanting direction by reason of the camming relationship between the tool holder 26 and the slide 25. This slanting feeding movement will result in the finishing operation upon the conical portion of the member ID.

The slanting feeding motion of the tool holder 28 continues until the stop member 48 on the piston rod 42 engages the left-hand end of the cylinder 45. From this point on, the piston rod 42 will move the cylinder 45 with it as a unit, carrying along the slide 25 and the tool holder 26, causing the tools 22 and 23 to travel in paths parallel with the axis of the member I 0. The tool 23 will finish the cylindrical portion I6 at the entrance of the member I, and the tool 22 will finish the cylindrical surface ll of the memher I 0. During this part of the cutting stroke the liquid exhausted from the right-hand end of cylinder 29 will be discharged through the conduit 85, port 83, port 80, conduit 19, resistance valve 18, past the check valve and reverse line 83, back to the pump (not illustrated). Coincidentally with the action of the tool 22, there will occur the cutting movement of the tool 2| for finishing the domed surface M of the member III. This movement is accomplished as follows:

Movement of the piston 30 tothe right as the parts are viewed in Figure 7. will, as above described, result in corresponding movement of the reciprocating member 32 toward the right as the parts are viewed in Figures 4 and 7, which is toward the left as the parts are viewed in Figures 1 and 3. Since the rack 31 (Fig. 4) is connected to move with the reciprocating member 32, said rack, through the pinions 38 and 39 and gear 40, will cause movement of the tool 2| in an arcuate direction. This movement, in cooperation with the rotation of the member ID, will result in the finishing of the dome-shaped surface |4 within the member l0.

The arcuate stroke of. the tool 2| and the cutting stroke of the tool 22 will be completed when the tools have reachedthe plane indicated by the line l3 in Figure 1. In accordance with normal machine shop practice, a short period of dwell will be allowed after the feeding movements of the tools 2| and 22 have ceased, before rotation of the member I0 is stopped, to allow a finishing cut of both tools along a circle the plane of which is indicated by the line l3.

The foregoing completes the discussion of the forward or cutting stroke of the cycle. After the completion of the forward movement of the tools as described above, the pump (not shown) will be reversed so that pressure is applied through the reverse line 83, and liquid is delivered back to the pump through the forward line 58. In other words, the reverse line 63 becomes the pressure line and the conduit 50 becomes the return line.

Pressure will now be communicated from the conduit 83, through conduit 6| to the left end of cylinder 58 and through conduit 82 to the right end of cylinder 68, moving the pistons in said cylinders to the positions shown in Figure 8.

' Ports 8.2 and 84 of cylinder 58 are thereby thrown into communication with each other, and conduit H is thrown into communication with port 80 of cylinder 60. Liquid from the conduit 63 will unseat the check valve 88 and pass into the right-hand end of the cylinder 29, moving the piston to the left as the parts are viewed in Figure 7.

It is desirable, of course, that the tools 2| and 22 be withdrawn at once from the surfaces which they have just finished, so that there may be no danger of scarring said finishedsurfaces.

In the practice of-the present invention the resistance valve 98 will be so adjusted that the initial impulse of pressure required to start the various elements operated by the cylinder 29 will pass a slight amount of liquid into the right-hand end of the cylinder 20, thus moving the carriage l9 slightly to the left as the parts are viewed in Figures 4 and 7. This is possible by reason of the fact that a slightly greater pressure is required to start movement of the various elements from rest than will be required to move them after they have been started. By adjustment of the resistance valve 90, this greater initial pressure will impart a slight movement to the piston a, and consequently carry the carriage l9 a slight distance toward the left simultaneously with the start of movement of the piston 30 in the cylinder 29 accompanied by corresponding movement of the piston 44 in the cylinder 45. Accordingly the tool 2| will be withdrawn a small distance toward the left. This movement will be only momentary, being existent only during the very short period of time required to get the other movable elements into motion, after which this movement of the carriage to the left will cease until the piston 30 has completed its return stroke.

Liquid is exhausted frOm the left end of the cylinder 29 through the resistance valve 56, which permits free flow in this direction. Liquid from the left end of cylinder 29 is not able to pass check valve 53 in this direction, but will pass to port 84 in cylinder 58, thence to port 82, to conduit 8|. The resistance valve 11 will be set for a predetermined pressure and liquid will not pass therethrough until this predetermined pressure is reached. Prior to the time this predetermined pressure is reached, the liquid will flow through the conduit 81, flexible connector 49, conduit 49, to the right-hand end of cylinder 45. Inasmuch as there is an equal and opposite reaction of pressure against the right side of piston 44 and against the right cylinder head of the cylinder 45, there will be no movement of cylinder 45, but there will be movement toward the left as the parts are viewed in Figure 7 of the piston 44, carrying with it the swinging member 43 and tool holder 28 with its tools 22 and 23. This will retract the tool holder 26 in a radial direction due to its camming action with the slide 25. The cylinder 45 and the slide will remain stationary until the stop member 41 engages the right-hand end of the cylinder 45, after which the cylinder 45, piston 44, swinging member 43, tool holder 26 and slide 25 will move as a unit toward the left as the parts are viewed in Figure 7. Movement to the left of piston in cylinder 29 (Fig. 7) will, of course, result in movement to the left of the rack 3| (Fig. 4), moving the tool 2| back to its initial position adjacent to the axis of the member I.

The quantity of liquid exhausted from the cylinder 29 on the left side of the piston 30 being greater than the capacity of the cylinder 45, the

exces liq d will tend to raise the pressure above the value at which the resistance valve 11 is set, thus unseating it slightly and discharging th'e excess through the valve 13 to the conduit 50, which is now the, return line to the pump.

During the time when there is relative movement between the piston 44 and the cylinder 45, the liquid in the left-hand end of cylinder 45 is discharged through the conduit 48, flexibl connector 48', conduit 88, port 80, and conduits M1,.

II and 12 to the conduit 50, which is now the return line.

The conduit 63 also communicates, through the conduit 89, with the right-hand end of the cylinder 20. The resistance valve 90 in said conduit '89 prevents the flow of liquid into said cylinder 20 until a pressure is reached higher than that necessary to move piston 30 in cylinder 29. After the piston 30 and the mechanism operated thereby has reached the limit of its return stroke (that isto the left as the parts are viewed in Figure '7) and no more oil can enter the cylinder 29, the pressure will build up suffic'iently to operate the piston 20a in the cylinder 20 to retract the carriage l9, thereby completing the cycle.

The cylinder 45 with its piston M constitutes a lost motion device for controlling the relationship between the reciprocating member 32 and the reciprocating member or slide 25. This relationship is governed by control of the'pressures in the conduits connected to the conduits it and M communicating with the cylinder 45 on the two sides of the piston M.

Though the surface i5 has been indicated as being of conical conformation, it will be clear that it may have other conformations, as for example an arcuate conformation. For finishing a surface 115 of an arcuate conformation the tool holder 26 will, of course, be provided with appropriate means for guiding the movement of the tool holder throughout the desired range of movement. Accordingly, in the claims the term slanting movement is to be construed sufficiently broadly to cover an arcuate movement in a general slanting direction.

Though a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, many modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. It is intended to cover all such modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is- 1. In a machine of the class described, a carriage, liquid pressure responsive means mounted upon said carriage, a tool, rack and pinion means for oscillating said tool in response to said liquid pressure responsive means, a slide, a tool holder, said slide andsaid tool holder having a variable relationship with each other, a second liquid pressure responsive means for operating said slide, said second liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder, a piston, a piston rod connected to said piston, and liquid supply and discharge means for causing relative movement be tween said cylinder and said piston, said piston rod being provided with means for causing said piston rod and said cylinder to move as a unit under certain conditions.

2. In a machine of the class described, a carriage, liquid pressure responsive means mounted upon said carriage, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, mechanism for operating saidmounting means responsive to said liquid pressure responsive means, said mounting means and said tdol holder having a camming relationshipwith each other whereby longitudinal movement between said mounting means and said tool holder will cause a slanting movement of said tool holder relative to the line of movement of i said mounting means, said operating mechanism including a cylinder element and a piston rod, said piston rod having a piston element mounted in said cylinder element, said cylinderelement and said piston element constituting a lost motion device, one of said elements being connected to said. mounting means, the other of said elements being connected to said tool holder.

3. In a machine of the class described, a carriage, liquid pressure responsive means mounted upon said carriage, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, mechanism for operating said mounting means responsive to said liquid pressure responsive means, said mounting means and said tool holder having a camming relationship with each other whereby longitudinal movement between said mounting means and said tool holder will cause a slanting movement of said tool holder relative to the line of movement of said mounting means, said operating mechanism including a cylinder element and a piston rod, said piston rod having a piston element mounted 'in said cylinder element, said cylinder element for said tool holder, mechanism for operating said mounting means responsive to said liquid pressure'responsive means, said mounting means and said tool holder having a camming relationship with each other whereby longitudinal movement between said mounting means and said tool holder will' cause a slanting movement of said tool holder relative to the line of movement of said mounting means, said operating mechanism including a cylinder element and a piston' rod, said piston rod having a piston element mounted in said cylinder element, said cylinder element and said piston element constituting a lost motion device, one of said elements being connected to said mounting means; the other of said elements being connected to said tool holder, liquid supply and discharge means for controlling movement between said cylinder element and said piston element, stop means for causing one of said elements to move along with the other of said elements under predetermined conditions, and resistance valve means for controlling the pressure in said liquid supply and discharge means.

5. In a machine of the class described, a bed, a carriage movable upon said bed, a first cylinder having a piston therein for moving said carriage, a second cylinder mounted on said carriage and having a piston therein, rack and pinion mechanism responsive to movement of the piston in said second cylinder, an oscillatable toolconnected to be oscillated in response to said rack and pinion mechanism, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, said mounting means being responsive to the movement of the piston in said second cylinder, and a third cylinder carried by said mounting means, said third'cylinder having a piston therein connected to said tool holder.

6. In a machine of the class described, a bed, a carriage movable upon said bed, a first cylinder having a piston therein for moving said carriage relative to said bed, a second cylinder mounted on said carriage and having a piston therein, a tool holder, mounting means for said toolholder, said mounting means being responsive to the movement of the piston in said second cylinder, and a third cylinder carried by said mounting means, said third cylinder having-a piston therein connected to said tool holder, said last mentioned cylinder being connected to said mounting means.

7. In a machine of the class described, a'bed, a carriage movable upon said bed, a first cylinder having a piston therein for moving said carriage, a second cylinder mounted on said carriage and having a piston therein, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, said mounting means being responsiveto the movement of the piston in said second cylinder, and a third cylinder carried by said mounting means, said third cylinder having a piston therein connected to said tool holder, said tool holder having camming relationship with said mounting means whereby relative movement between said third cylinder and its piston will result in a slanting movement of said tool holder relative to the line of movement of said mounting means.

8. In a machine of the class described, a reciprocating member, liquid pressure responsive means for moving said reciprocating member,

said means including a cylinder and a piston, a

tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder. a second liquid pressure responsive means for controlling the relationship between said tool holder and said mounting means, said second liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder element and a piston element, one of said elements being connected to said mounting means and the other of said elements being connected to said tool holder and to the piston of said first mentioned liquid pressure responsive means, said elements of said second liquid pressure responsive means having cooperative abutment means whereby under certain conditions said elements will move in unison, and liquid distributing means having a common sourc of liquid pressure connecting the interiors of said liquid pressure responsive means, the cross-sectional area of said first mentioned liquid pressure responsive means being greater than the cross-sectionalarea of said second mentioned liquid pressure responsive means.

' 9. In a machine of the class described, a reciprocating member, liquid pressure responsive means for moving said reciprocating member, said means including a cylinder and a piston, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, a second liquid pressure responsive means for controlling the relationship between said tool holder and said mounting means, said second liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder element and a piston element, one of said elements being connected to said mounting means and the other of said elements being connected to said tool holder and to the piston of said first mentioned liquid pressure responsive means, said elements of said second liquid pressure responsive means having cooperative abutment means whereby under certain conditions said elements will move in unison, liquid distributing means having a common source of liquid pressure connecting the interiors of said liquid pressure responsive means, the cross-sectional'area of said first mentioned liquid pressure responsive means being greater than the cross sectional area of said second mentioned liquid pressure responsive, x means, and resistance means in said liquid distributing means tor limiting operation of said liquid ,pressure responsive means until the attainments of predetermined liquid pressures.

10. In a machine of the class described. a carriage, means for holding a piece of work to be 013-- erated upon, liquid pressure responsive means for moving said carriage toward and away from said piece of work, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, said mounting means and said tool holder having camming relationship to each other for communicating a slanting movement to said tool holder relative to movement of said carriage, a second liquid pressure responsive means for moving said mounting means and said tool holder, and a third liquid pressure responsive means for controlling the relationship between said mounting means and said tool holder, said liquid pressure responsive means including control means for insuring initial movement of said carriage simultaneously with operation of said second and third mentioned liquid pressure responsive means when a, withdrawing movement of said liquid pressure responsive means is inaugurated from rest.

11. In a machine or the class described. a carriage mounted for reciprocation along a straight line, a first tool, a second tool, means for communicating an oscillatory cutting movement to said first tool, and means for.- contemporaneously communicating a longitudinal movement to said second tool, said means for communicating said oscillatory movement being connected to said means for communicating said longitudinal movement to bring said tools at the ends of their respective operating strokes into the same plane transversely disposed relative to the axis of movement of said carriage.

12. In a machine of the class described, a carriage, a tool, means mounted upon said carriage for moving and guiding said tool arcuately in a plane disposed radially with respect to a line parallel with the axis of movement of said carriage, a second tool, and means mounted upon said carriage for moving and guiding said tool angularly and longitudinally with respect to said axis, said moving and guiding means for said arcuate movement and said moving and guiding means for said angular and longitudinal movement being interconnected to bring said tools at the ends of their respective operating strokes into the same plane transversely disposed relative to the axis of movement of said carriage.

13. In a machine of the class described, a carriage, a tool, means mounted upon said carriage for moving and guiding said tool arcuately in a plane disposed radially with respect to a line parallel with the axis of movement of said carriage, a second tool, and means mounted upon said carriage for moving and guiding said second tool successively in a path inclined to the axis of movement of said carriage and in a path parallel with said axis, said moving and guiding means for said arcuate movement and said moving and guiding means for said inclined and parallel movement being interconnected to bring said tools at the ends of their respective operating strokes into the same plane transversely disposed relative to the axis of movement of said carriage.

14. In a machine of the class described. a carriage, a tool, means mounted upon said carriage for moving and guiding said tool arcuately in a plane disposed radially with respect to -a line parallel with the axis of movement of said carriage, a second tool, and means mounted upon said carriage for moving and guiding said second tool successively in a, path inclined to the axis of movement of said carriage and in a path parallel with said axis, said means for moving and guiding said second mentioned tool including a L001 holder and mounting'means therefor, said tool holder and said mounting means having a camming relatiinship with each other for communicating a slanting movement to said tool holder responsive to relative movement between said tool holder and said mounting means, and means for controlling relative movement betweensaid tool holder and said mounting means, said first and second mentioned means being interconnected to bring said tools at the ends of their respective operating strokes into the same plane transversely disposed relative to the axis of movement of said carriage. I

, 15. In a machine of the class described, a carriage, means for moving saidcarriage, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, said mounting means and said tool holder having mounting means and the other of said members being connected to said tool holder.

18; In a machine of the class described, a carriage, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, means including a lost motion device for moving said mounting means, said lost motion means including a cylinder member and a piston member. one of said members being connected camming relationship relative to each other for communicating a slanting movement to said tool holder responsive to relative movement between said mounting means and said tool holder, means for moving said mounting means, and liquid pressure responsive means for controlling the relationship between said mounting means and said tool holder, said last mentioned means including a cylinder member and a piston member, one of said members being connected to said mounting means, the other of said members being connected to said tool holder.

16. In a machine of the class described, a car riage, means for moving said carriage, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, said mounting means and said tool holder having camming relationship relative to each other for communicating a slanting movement to said tool holder responsive to relative movement between said mounting means and said tool holder, means for moving said mounting means, and liquid pressure responsive means for controlling the relationship between said mounting means and said tool holder, said last mentioned means including a cylinder member and a piston member, one of said members being connected to said mounting means, the other of said members being connected to said tool holder, said means for moving said mounting means including a liquid pressure responsive device having a cylinder element and a piston element, one of said last mentioned elements being connected to said tool holder, the other of said last mentioned elements being connected to said carriage.

17. In a machine of the class described, a carriage, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, means including a lost motion device for moving said mounting means, said lost .motion device including liquid pressure responsive means for controlling relative movement between said mounting means and said tool holder, said mounting means and said tool holder having a camming relationship to communicate a slanting movement to said tool holder responsive to relative movement between said tool holder and said mounting means, said liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder member and a piston member, one of said members being connected to said to said mounting means and the other of said members being connected to said tool holder, and liquid supply and discharge means operative upon the two sides of said piston member for causing relative movement between said members under certain conditions, said cylinder memberand said piston member having abutment portions for causing them to move as a unit under certain other conditions.

19. In amachine of the class described, a carriage, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, liquid pressure responsive means for moving said mounting means and said tool holder, another liquid pressure responsive means for controlling relative movement between said mounting means and saidltool holder, said mounting means and said tool holder having a camming relationship relative to each other to cause a slanting movement of said tool holder when said tool holder and said mounting means are moved relative to each other, said other liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder membersaid first mentioned liquid pressure responsive means will cause one of said members to be moved relative to the other of said members, said cylinder member and said piston member having abutment portions whereby under certain other conditions said members will move as a unit.

20. In a machine of the class described, a carriage, a slide mounted upon said carriage, a tool holder mounted upon said slide, said slide and said tool holder having a camming relationship with each other, liquid pressure responsive means, means including a cylinder member and a piston member, and liquid supply and discharge means for controlling relative movement between said cylinder member and said piston member, said piston member and said cylinder member being provided with abutment means for causing said piston member and said cylinder member to move as a unit under certain conditions, said slide being connected to one of said members, said tool holder being connected to the other of said members.

. liquid pressure responsive means including a cylditions said cylinder element and said piston ele-' ment will move as a unit, the one of said elements connected to said tool holder being connected toimove with said means for oscillating said first tool.

22. In a machine of the class described, a bed, a carriage movable upon said bed, a first tool carried by said carriage, means for oscillating said first tool, another tool, a tool holder for said other tool, mounting means for said tool holder, and

liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder element and a piston element, said tool holder having camming relationship with said mounting means to cause said tool holder to have a lanting movement upon relative movement between said tool holder and said mounting means, said mounting means being connected to one of said elements, said tool holder being connected to the other of said elements, said piston element and said cylinder element having abutments associated therewith whereby under certain conditions said cylinder element and said piston element will move as a unit, the one of said elements connected to said tool holder being connected to move with said means for oscillating said first tool, said tools being interconnected to bring them at the ends of their respective operating strokes into the same plane transversely disposed relative to the axis of movement of said carriage.

23. In a machine of the class described, a bed, a carriage movable upon said bed, a first liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder element and a piston element for controlling the movement of said carriage, a second liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder element and a piston element, an oscillatable tool connected to be oscillated in response to said second liquid pressure responsive means, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, said mounting means being responsive to relative movement of the elements of said second liquid pressure responsive means, a third liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder element and a piston element, one of the elements of said third liquid pressure responsive means being connected to said tool holder, the other element of said third liquid pressure responsive means being connected to said mounting means, said tool holder and said mounting means having camming relationship with each other, said elements in said third liquid pressure responsive means having cooperating abutments associated therewith whereby under certain conditions said elements of said third liquid pressure responsive means will move as a unit, one of the elements of said third liquid pressure responsive means being connected to move with one of the elements of said second liquid pressure responsive means, and liquid supply and discharge means connected to said three liquid liquid supply and discharge means being provided pressure responsive means, said with resistance valves to insure a predetermined sequence of operations of said liquid pressure responsive means.

24. In a machine of the class described, a bed, a carriage movable upon said bed, liquid pressure responsive means mounted upon said carriage, said liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder element and a piston element, a tool holder, mounting means for said tool holder, said tool holder and said mounting means having a camming relationship with each other, another liquid pressure 'responsive means for controlling the relationship between said tool holder and said mounting means, said second liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder element and a piston element, one of said elements of said other liquid pressure responsive means being connected to said tool holder, the other of'said elements of said other liquid pressure responsive means being connected to said mounting means, and conduit means connecting said first mentioned liquid pressure responsive means to said other liquid pressure responsive means whereby operation of said first mentioned liquid pressure responsive means will cause relative movement between the elements of said other liquid pressure responsive .means, said elements of said other liquid pressure responsive means having abutment portions associated therewithwhereby under certain conditions said elements of said other liquid pressure responsive means will operate as a unit.

25. In a machine of the class described, a bed, a carriage movable upon said bed, a first liquid pressure responsive means for moving said carriage, said first liquid pressure responsive means including a cylinder element and a piston element, 8. second liquid pressure responsive means mounted on said carriage and including a cylinder element and a piston element, a tool holder.

mounting means for said tool holder, a third liquidpressure responsive means including 9, cylinder element and a piston element, said tool holder being connected to one of said elements of said third liquid pressure responsive means, said mounting means being connected to the other of said elements of said third liquid pressure responsive means, one of said elements of said third liquid pressure responsive means being connected to move with one of said elements of said second liquid pressure responsive means, said tool holder and said mounting means having camming relationship with each other whereby longitudinal movement of said mounting means relative to said tool holder will cause a slanting movement 'of said tool holder, conduit means connecting said second liquid pressure responsive means with said third liquid pressure responsive means to cause, under certain conditions, relative movement between the elements of said third liquid pressure responsive means, said elements of said third liquid pressure responsive means having abutments associated therewith whereby under certain circumstances said elements of said third liquid pressure responsive means will move as a unit, and liquid supply and discharge means connecting said liquid pressure responsive means, said liquid supply and discharge means being provided with resistance valves to insure a predetermined sequence of operations of said liquid pressure responsive means.

' LEVI D. TYSON. 

